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Fact, Fiction, and Fitness.

Chetan Prakash1, Chris Fields2, Donald D Hoffman3

  • 1Department of Mathematics, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural selection likely shapes our perceptions to be non-veridical, not accurately reflecting the world. This challenges theories assuming perception evolves for accuracy, suggesting it serves as an adaptive interface instead.

Keywords:
Bayesian decision theoryevolutionary game theoryevolutionary psychologyfitnessinterface theory of perceptionnatural selectionperceptionveridicality

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Perceptual experiences possess rich structures (symmetries, orders, topologies).
  • A key debate in perception is whether these structures are veridically presented from an observer-independent world.
  • Many theories propose natural selection optimizes perceptual systems for veridicality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether evolutionary payoff functions are homomorphisms of common mathematical structures.
  • To determine if natural selection generically favors veridical perception of these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical analysis of four structures: total orders, permutation groups, cyclic groups, and measurable spaces.
  • Examining payoff functions driving natural selection in relation to these structures.
  • Probabilistic analysis as the number of world states and payoff values increase.

Main Results:

  • Generically, payoff functions are not homomorphisms of the studied structures.
  • The probability of a payoff function being a homomorphism approaches zero as complexity increases.
  • Natural selection almost surely shapes perceptions of these structures to be non-veridical.

Conclusions:

  • The study challenges the assumption that natural selection drives veridical perception.
  • Results support the interface theory of perception, where systems evolve to guide adaptive behavior.
  • Presents a constraint for consciousness theories relying on natural selection for perceptual structure.