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VIP-2 -High-Sensitivity Tests on the Pauli Exclusion Principle for Electrons.

Kristian Piscicchia1,2, Johann Marton2,3, Sergio Bartalucci2

  • 1Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Piazza del Viminale 1, I-00184 Roma, Italy.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers tested the Pauli Exclusion Principle using a novel experiment deep underground. The VIP-2 experiment set the best limits yet on violations of this fundamental principle, particularly for models adhering to the Messiah-Greenberg rule.

Keywords:
Pauli Principle violationX-ray spectroscopyunderground experiment

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Area of Science:

  • Fundamental physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Particle physics

Background:

  • The Pauli Exclusion Principle is a cornerstone of quantum mechanics, stating that no two identical fermions can occupy the same quantum state.
  • Testing the principle's validity at high precision is crucial for understanding fundamental interactions and searching for new physics.
  • The VIP-2 experiment operates in the low-background environment of the Gran Sasso National Laboratory to achieve unprecedented sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To place stringent constraints on models predicting violations of the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
  • Specifically, to test models that adhere to the Messiah-Greenberg superselection rule.
  • To search for evidence of forbidden atomic transitions caused by such violations.

Main Methods:

  • The VIP-2 Open Systems experiment utilizes a copper conductor carrying a direct current.
  • The experiment searches for X-ray emissions from a forbidden L-shell to K-shell atomic transition in copper.
  • This transition is sought when the K-shell is already occupied by two electrons, a scenario forbidden by the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of the first three months of data collected in 2018 is presented.
  • The experiment has established the most stringent upper bound to date on the probability of Pauli Exclusion Principle violation.
  • This bound is specifically for violations consistent with the Messiah-Greenberg superselection rule.

Conclusions:

  • The VIP-2 experiment has successfully constrained theories that predict violations of the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
  • The results provide strong evidence supporting the validity of the Pauli Exclusion Principle under tested conditions.
  • This work advances the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model by probing fundamental quantum mechanical laws.