Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 27, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
Published on: November 15, 2013
The Heisenberg Indeterminacy Principle in the Context of Covariant Quantum Gravity
Massimo Tessarotto1,2, Claudio Cremaschini2
1Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 12, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Abstract:
The subject of this paper deals with the mathematical formulation of the Heisenberg Indeterminacy Principle in the framework of Quantum Gravity. The starting point is the establishment of the so-called time-conjugate momentum inequalities holding for non-relativistic and relativistic Quantum Mechanics. The validity of analogous Heisenberg inequalities in quantum gravity, which must be based on strictly physically observable quantities (i.e., necessarily either 4-scalar or 4-vector in nature), is shown to require the adoption of a manifestly covariant and unitary quantum theory of the gravitational field. Based on the prescription of a suitable notion of Hilbert space scalar product, the relevant Heisenberg inequalities are established. Besides the coordinate-conjugate momentum inequalities, these include a novel proper-time-conjugate extended momentum inequality. Physical implications and the connection with the deterministic limit recovering General Relativity are investigated.
Related Concept Videos
The Uncertainty Principle
Principle of Equivalence
Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of...
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium
The Principle of Superposition and the Gravitational Field

