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Rye Snow Mold-Associated Microdochium nivale Strains Inhabiting a Common Area: Variability in Genetics, Morphotype,

Vladimir Gorshkov1, Elena Osipova1, Mira Ponomareva1

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, ul. Lobachevskogo, 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Diverse Microdochium nivale strains cause pink snow mold in winter rye. These strains exhibit varied extracellular enzyme activities, with no direct correlation to virulence, suggesting unique disease strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Mycology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Snow mold, a significant plant disease, is caused by fungi like Microdochium species.
  • Understanding Microdochium biology, including its pathocomplex and virulence factors, is crucial but limited.
  • Plant resistance criteria for snow mold are not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize local Microdochium species causing snow mold in winter rye.
  • To investigate the genetic and phenotypic diversity of Microdochium strains.
  • To explore the role of extracellular enzymes in Microdochium virulence.

Main Methods:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze fungal and bacterial communities.
  • Isolation and classification of Microdochium nivale strains using the ITS2 region.
  • Characterization of isolated strains based on morphology, extracellular enzyme synthesis, and virulence assays.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one Microdochium nivale strains were isolated from pink snow mold-affected winter rye.
  • Diverse extracellular enzymatic activities were identified in Microdochium species for the first time.
  • No correlation was found between extracellular enzyme levels and the degree of virulence.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically and phenotypically diverse M. nivale strains coexist and infect winter rye within the same area.
  • Each M. nivale strain likely employs a unique strategy for disease development.
  • Extracellular enzyme patterns may represent strain-specific virulence mechanisms.
Keywords:
Microdochium nivaleplant cell-wall-degrading enzymesplant–microbe interactionssnow moldvirulence

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