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Social determinants of health, personalized medicine, and child maltreatment

Wendy G Lane1,2, Howard Dubowitz3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. wlane@som.umaryland.edu.

Pediatric Research
|December 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Child maltreatment is a significant public health issue. Personalized medicine, integrating genetics and social determinants, offers new prevention strategies for child abuse and neglect.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Genetics
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Child maltreatment presents a major public health challenge with significant human and economic costs.
  • Understanding the interplay of genetic predispositions and social factors is crucial for effective prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of child maltreatment as a public health problem.
  • To explore the role of personalized medicine, including genetics and social determinants, in addressing child maltreatment.
  • To discuss interventions and model programs for prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing research on genetics, epigenetics, and social determinants of health.
  • Examination of specific social factors like poverty, parental mental health, and domestic violence.
  • Analysis of personalized medicine approaches and intervention strategies.

Main Results:

  • Genetic and genomic factors, alongside social determinants like poverty and parental substance use, influence child maltreatment risk.
  • Epigenetic research highlights the biological impact of child abuse and neglect.
  • Model programs demonstrate effective interventions for prevention in primary care.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized medicine, informed by genetics and social determinants, holds promise for future child maltreatment prevention.
  • Integrating these approaches in primary care can enhance intervention effectiveness.
  • Addressing social determinants is key to mitigating the impact of child maltreatment.

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