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Action biases perceptual decisions toward expected outcomes.

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People are more likely to perceive expected outcomes of their actions, challenging theories that suggest suppressed perception. This sensory bias aids in creating accurate representations of actions and their consequences.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception

Background:

  • Action control theories propose suppressing perception of expected outcomes to prioritize surprising events.
  • Bayesian models in sensory cognition suggest increased perception of expected events due to their higher likelihood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how expectations influence perceptual decisions regarding action outcomes.
  • To adjudicate between action control and Bayesian models of sensory perception.

Main Methods:

  • A signal detection paradigm was employed across three experiments.
  • Participants performed manual actions followed by visual outcomes, varying in expectation and relevance.
  • Computational modeling analyzed the source of expectation effects on perception.

Main Results:

  • Participants showed a bias to report expected action outcomes, supporting Bayesian accounts.
  • No significant effects of expectation were found on perceptual sensitivity.
  • Computational modeling indicated the bias originated from sensory evidence accumulation, not decision circuits.

Conclusions:

  • Findings contradict dominant action control 'cancellation' models.
  • Results align with Bayesian perspectives, suggesting perception is enhanced for expected outcomes.
  • This bias may facilitate veridical representation of actions and consequences in uncertain environments.