Melanocytic Neoplasms With MAP2K1 in Frame Deletions and Spitz Morphology

Joel C Sunshine1, Daniel Kim1, Bin Zhang1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

Insights

This study details six cases of Spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms with MAP2K1 deletions, revealing a broad morphologic spectrum. These findings expand understanding of genetic alterations in Spitzoid neoplasms.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Pathology

Background:

  • Spitz melanocytic neoplasms are increasingly understood through molecular characterization.
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene rearrangements are significant in Spitz neoplasms.
  • In-frame deletions in MAP2K1 are rarely reported in melanocytic tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and histomorphological characteristics of melanocytic tumors with MAP2K1 activating in-frame deletions.
  • To expand the spectrum of changes associated with Spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 6 cases with MAP2K1 activating in-frame deletions.
  • Detailed description of morphologic features and clinical diagnoses.
  • Review of available clinical follow-up data.

Main Results:

  • The cohort exhibited a broad morphologic spectrum, including Spitzoid cytomorphology (5/6), prominent melanin pigmentation (4/6), and deep penetrating nevus-like architecture (3/6).
  • Diagnoses included nevus of Reed, desmoplastic Spitz tumor, BAPoma, deep penetrating melanocytic nevus, and melanoma.
  • Follow-up in 3 cases showed no tumor recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • MAP2K1 in-frame deletions are associated with a diverse range of Spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms.
  • These genetic alterations contribute to the expanding landscape of Spitzoid tumor pathology.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the clinical significance of MAP2K1 alterations.