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Congenital brucellosis: A case report.

Yahya Ali Mohzari1, Renad Abdullah Alshuraim1, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq2

  • 1Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|December 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Congenital brucellosis, a rare infection, was diagnosed in a preterm neonate in Saudi Arabia. Prompt diagnosis and tailored antibiotic therapy were crucial for the infant's recovery.

Keywords:
BrucellaSaudi Arabiacongenital brucellosisneonatepregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Brucellosis is endemic in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
  • Congenital brucellosis is a rare but serious condition in neonates.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • A preterm neonate presented with severe respiratory depression, pyrexia, hypotension, and leukocytosis.
  • Maternal history of farm visit raised suspicion for congenital brucellosis.
  • Blood cultures identified Gram-negative coccobacilli, and serology confirmed *Brucella abortus* and *B. melitensis*.

Findings:

  • The neonate received empiric antibiotics, followed by a tailored regimen including rifampin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem.
  • Treatment adjustments were necessary due to clinical deterioration.
  • The neonate gradually improved and was discharged on day 38.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering congenital brucellosis in neonates presenting with sepsis-like symptoms, especially in endemic areas.
  • Effective management requires prompt microbiological diagnosis and adaptable antibiotic strategies.
  • Early intervention can lead to favorable outcomes in congenital brucellosis.