Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
Published on: October 5, 2019
Tin Complexes Containing an Atenolol Moiety as Photostabilizers for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Baneen Salam1, Gamal A El-Hiti2, Muna Bufaroosha3
1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
Abstract:
The lifetime of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) can be increased through the addition of additives to provide protection against irradiation. Therefore, several new tin complexes containing atenolol moieties were synthesized and their photostabilizing effect on PVC was investigated. Reacting atenolol with a number of tin reagents in boiling methanol provided high yields of tin complexes. PVC was then mixed with the tin complexes at a low concentration, producing polymeric thins films. The films were irradiated with ultraviolet light and the resulting damage was assessed using different analytical and surface morphology techniques. Infrared spectroscopy and weight loss determination indicated that the films incorporating tin complexes incurred less damage and less surface changes compared to the blank film. In particular, the triphenyltin complex was very effective in enhancing the photostability of PVC, and this is due to its high aromaticity (three phenyl rings) compared to other complexes. Such an additive acts as a hydrogen chloride scavenger, radical absorber, and hydroperoxide decomposer.
More Related Videos
06:49Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
Published on: April 22, 2016
09:17Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes
Published on: January 30, 2015
Related Concept Videos
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)