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Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

531
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
531
Fatigue Strength of Concrete01:22

Fatigue Strength of Concrete

393
Fatigue, in the context of materials science and engineering, refers to the weakening or failure of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads, even if these loads are below the strength limit of the material. Fatigue strength in concrete is a critical property that influences its durability and longevity. Concrete can fail in two ways due to fatigue. Static fatigue or creep rupture occurs under a constant load or one that increases slowly. The other failure mode is due to cyclical or...
393
Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

Residual Stresses in Bending

419
In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
419
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

290
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
290
Internal Loadings in Structural Members: Problem Solving01:28

Internal Loadings in Structural Members: Problem Solving

1.6K
When designing or analyzing a structural member, it is important to consider the internal loadings developed within the member. These internal loadings include normal force, shear force, and bending moment. Engineers can ensure that the structural member can support the applied external forces by calculating these internal loadings.
To illustrate this, let's consider a beam OC of 5 kN, inclined at an angle of 53.13° with the horizontal and supported at both ends. Determine the internal...
1.6K
Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete01:28

Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete

346
Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method
07:37

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method

Published on: January 16, 2019

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Revisiting Classical Issues of Fatigue Crack Growth Using a Non-Linear Approach.

Micael F Borges1, Diogo M Neto1, Fernando V Antunes1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fatigue crack growth is driven by crack tip deformation, with the load range (ΔK) controlling plastic strain. Crack closure effects and crack ligament influence fatigue crack growth, challenging existing models.

Keywords:
constant amplitude loadingcrack closurefatigue crack growthoverload

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Last Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Full-field Strain Measurements for Microstructurally Small Fatigue Crack Propagation Using Digital Image Correlation Method
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Fracture Mechanics

Background:

  • Fatigue crack growth (FCG) is a critical area in material science.
  • Existing models for FCG, based on stress intensity factors, face ongoing debate.
  • Understanding crack tip behavior is crucial for accurate FCG prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fatigue crack growth (FCG) mechanisms.
  • To analyze the role of crack tip plastic strain in FCG.
  • To re-evaluate established FCG models using a numerical approach.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical analysis based on crack tip plastic strain.
  • Investigation of the influence of load range (ΔK) and maximum stress intensity factor (Kmax).
  • Examination of crack closure phenomena and crack ligament effects.

Main Results:

  • Cyclic plastic deformation at the crack tip is controlled by ΔK, not Kmax.
  • Crack tip damage occurs below crack closure, invalidating the effective load range definition (ΔKeff).
  • Crack ligament size significantly affects crack closure.

Conclusions:

  • FCG is fundamentally driven by crack tip deformation.
  • Current models relying solely on ΔK and Kmax require revision.
  • Crack closure and ligament effects are critical factors in FCG that need further consideration.