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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

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A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Operative Traumatic Aortic Injuries at an Urban Pediatric Hospital.

Shihuan K Wang1, Sarah Severance1, Weston Troja1

  • 1Riley Hospital for Children, Divisions of Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12250Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.

The American Surgeon
|December 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric traumatic aortic injury is rare, often caused by blunt force. Surgical repair offers excellent survival rates for children who survive initial trauma.

Keywords:
aortabluntdissectionpediatricpenetratingpseudoaneurysmtransectiontrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • Limited data exist on long-term outcomes of pediatric aortic repair after trauma.
  • Severe traumatic aortic injury in children is a rare but critical condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the long-term results of pediatric patients undergoing aortic repair following trauma.
  • To characterize demographics, injury mechanisms, severity, treatment, and outcomes of severe traumatic aortic injury in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a pediatric trauma database (2008-2018).
  • Inclusion of all pediatric patients (<18 years) with severe traumatic aortic injury.
  • Analysis of demographics, injury mechanisms, severity scores, interventions, and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 10 pediatric patients (0.5%) presented with traumatic aortic injury out of 2189 trauma activations.
  • Motor vehicle accidents were the most common mechanism (80%).
  • Seven patients underwent open repair, one endovascular repair, and one medical management; 90% survived initial evaluation with no long-term aortic complications observed.

Conclusions:

  • Traumatic aortic injury in children is rare and predominantly blunt in etiology.
  • Operative repair is associated with excellent perioperative and long-term survival in pediatric patients who survive the initial trauma.