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Pediatric hypertension: an updated review
Mohd Ashraf1, Mohd Irshad2, Nazir Ahmed Parry3
1Department of Pediatrics, Govt Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190010, India. aashraf05@gmail.com.
Clinical Hypertension
|December 9, 2020
Summary
Childhood hypertension (HTN) is a growing global concern, linked to adult mortality. Rising obesity rates parallel increasing pediatric HTN, particularly in developing nations, necessitating urgent review and management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Adult hypertension is a leading preventable cause of premature death globally.
- Childhood hypertension is recognized as a precursor to adult hypertension.
- Rising obesity rates correlate with increasing pediatric hypertension prevalence worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of pediatric hypertension.
- To discuss the management strategies for hypertension in children and adolescents.
- To highlight the escalating trend of pediatric hypertension in developing countries.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and guidelines on pediatric hypertension.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on hypertension incidence in children.
- Synthesis of current diagnostic and management approaches.
Main Results:
- Significant cumulative incidence of pediatric hypertension reported in China (50-70%) and India (23%).
- New guidelines in 2017 indicate a notable increase in pediatric hypertension prevalence.
- Developing countries are experiencing a parallel trend to developed nations, with potential for severe cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal consequences.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric hypertension is an under-addressed public health issue with serious long-term implications.
- The rising prevalence necessitates urgent attention and effective management strategies.
- A comprehensive review of pediatric hypertension and its management is warranted to address this growing global challenge.
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