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Anakinra treatment in patients with familial Mediterranean fever: a single-centre experience

Serdal Ugurlu1, Bilgesu Ergezen1, Bugra Han Egeli1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|December 9, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Anakinra effectively reduces Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) attacks and inflammation in colchicine-resistant patients. This anti-IL-1 therapy improves quality of life and is generally safe, though some patients discontinue due to side effects or inadequate response.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Autoinflammatory Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a genetic autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent inflammatory attacks.
  • Colchicine is the standard treatment, but some patients are resistant or intolerant.
  • Anakinra, an anti-interleukin-1 agent, has shown promise in managing FMF in clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the outcomes of FMF patients treated with anakinra due to insufficient response to colchicine at a single tertiary center.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anakinra in a real-world clinical setting for colchicine-resistant FMF.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 106 FMF patients treated with anakinra for at least one month.
  • Data collected included attack frequency, patient-reported disease severity (Visual Analogue Scale), and acute phase reactants.
  • Exclusion criteria included amyloidosis and pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • Anakinra treatment led to a significant decrease in attack frequency, with 75 patients experiencing no attacks.
  • Patient global assessment scores improved significantly (P < 0.001).
  • 32% of patients discontinued treatment due to insufficient response or side effects; all side effects were reversible.

Conclusions:

  • Anakinra is an effective and safe therapeutic option for FMF patients refractory to colchicine.
  • The drug demonstrates efficacy in preventing attacks and improving patients' quality of life.
Keywords:
FMFdisease activitytreatment

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