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ABO blood groups in COVID-19 patients; Cross-sectional study

İhsan Solmaz1, Songül Araç2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey.

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|December 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with blood group O may have protection against COVID-19, while blood group A might increase susceptibility. This study examined blood group distribution in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups varies globally.
  • Understanding blood group associations with infectious diseases is crucial for public health.
  • COVID-19 has shown varied clinical presentations and potential risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ABO and Rh blood groups and COVID-19.
  • To analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients based on their blood groups.
  • To determine if blood type influences susceptibility or severity of COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional review of 1667 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with positive PCR tests.
  • Analysis of ABO and Rh blood group distribution in patients and a control group.
  • Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes between different blood groups.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant increase in blood group A and an almost significant increase in blood group AB were observed in COVID-19 patients compared to controls.
  • A very significant decrease in blood group O was noted among COVID-19 patients.
  • No significant association was found between blood groups and disease severity or mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Blood group O may confer a protective effect against COVID-19.
  • Blood group A might be associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19.
  • Blood group does not appear to influence the clinical course or mortality of COVID-19.
Abstract

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