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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
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Lineage Commitment01:21

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue
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Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue

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Histone Modifications in Stem Cell Development and Their Clinical Implications.

Moritz Völker-Albert1, Abel Bronkhorst2, Stefan Holdenrieder2

  • 1EpiQMAx GmbH, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.

Stem Cell Reports
|December 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histone modifications regulate human stem cell identity and differentiation. Understanding these epigenetic changes offers potential therapeutic strategies for stem cell applications and cancer treatment.

Keywords:
cell cyclechromatinepigeneticshistone modificationsmetabolismstem cells

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Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
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Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular medicine

Background:

  • Human stem cells hold therapeutic promise but also pose risks as cancer stem cells.
  • Understanding stem cell maintenance and differentiation is crucial for clinical applications.
  • Extrapolating findings from model organisms to human therapeutics remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of histone modifications in regulating stem cell identity.
  • To explore the implications of these epigenetic mechanisms for clinical applications of stem cells.
  • To highlight enzymes regulating histone modifications as potential drug targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on histone modifications and stem cell regulation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating chromatin structure and its influence on stem cell fate.
  • Discussion of enzymatic pathways involved in histone modification.

Main Results:

  • Histone modifications significantly impact chromatin structure, influencing stem cell maintenance and differentiation.
  • Specific enzymes regulating histone modifications are key players in controlling stem cell identity.
  • These epigenetic regulators present viable targets for therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Histone modifications are critical regulators of human stem cell behavior.
  • Targeting enzymes involved in histone modification could enhance stem cell therapies.
  • Further research into epigenetic mechanisms is vital for advancing clinical stem cell applications.