The continuous application of biochar in field: effects on P fraction, P sorption and release

It is unclear how biochar can affect P availability in soil, especially in field under continuous application. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of 2-years application of biochar on P availability, P fractionation, P sorption and release in a clay soil. The biochar in this study was produced from rice straw through pyrolysis at 700°C. As compared with no fertilizer treatment (CK) and chemical fertilizer treatment (CF), the biochar application with chemical fertilizer treatment (BCF) significantly increased total P and available P content in soil. And BCF treatment significantly increased resin P, NaHCO₃-extracted P, Fe/Al-P_o and HCl-extracted P but decreased Fe/Al-P_i and residual P as compared with CF treatment. Surprisingly, BCF treatment showed higher sorption capacity and release capacity of soil P than that of CF treatment. These results imply that continuous application of biochar for 2-years in field may adsorbed P through physical sorption rather than chemical reaction and then improve P availability in soil.