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Two-step Approach to Explore Early- and Late-stages of Organ Formation in the Avian Model: The Thymus and Parathyroid Glands Organogenesis Paradigm
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Thymosin β4 dynamics during chicken enteroid development.

Mohan Acharya1,2, Rohana Liyanage3, Anamika Gupta1,2

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
|December 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Avian intestinal villi self-repair into enteroids, a process linked to thymosin beta4 (Tβ4) peptide levels. Tβ4 was significantly lower in damaged villi, suggesting its depletion precedes intestinal repair and enteroid development.

Keywords:
ImmunohistochemistryIntestinal enteroidsThymosin β4Wound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Avian biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Gastrointestinal research

Background:

  • Avian intestinal villus-crypts demonstrate remarkable self-repair capabilities, forming enteroids in culture.
  • This regenerative process is presumed to involve significant biomolecular alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differential biomolecular changes during avian intestinal villus-crypt self-repair into enteroids.
  • To compare spectral profiles of sheared villi and enteroids using mass spectrometry.

Main Methods:

  • Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) for spectral profiling (2-18 kDa).
  • Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) for molecular characterization.
  • Immunohistochemistry to confirm peptide localization and assess F-actin changes.

Main Results:

  • Substantial differences in spectral profiles were observed between sheared villi and enteroids.
  • A peak at 4963 Da, identified as thymosin beta4 (Tβ4), was significantly lower in sheared villi compared to enteroids.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed low Tβ4 levels in sheared villi and high levels in enteroids; F-actin levels showed no significant difference.

Conclusions:

  • Thymosin beta4 (Tβ4) levels are significantly altered during the transition from sheared avian intestinal villi to enteroids.
  • Depletion of Tβ4 likely precedes or is associated with the villous repair and enteroid formation process.
  • The study discusses potential mechanisms linking Tβ4 dynamics to intestinal self-repair.