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Updated: Nov 26, 2025
Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
Published on: January 29, 2011
Characteristics, management and outcome of critically ill general medical patients in the Emergency Department: An
Stine Engebretsen1, Stig Tore Bogstrand2, Dag Jacobsen3
1Emergency Department, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Background:
Critically ill general medical patients are an increasing group in the Emergency Department (ED). This register-based cohort study aimed to examine these patients' characteristics, ED management and outcome, and investigate factors associated with ICU admission.
Methods:
The study comprised all adult medical triage 1 patients treated by a specialized multidisciplinary team in 2015 and 2016. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used.
Results:
1294 patients were included. Mean age was 59 years, 56% (n = 725) were male, mean National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) was 7, intensive care unit (ICU) admission was 56.8% (n = 735) and mortality rate was 16.8% (n = 217). Median ED length of stay (LOS) was 1.6 h, 1.2 h if admitted to ICU. The most frequent discharge diagnosis was acute poisoning (24.0%, n = 308). Younger age, male gender, arriving at nighttime weekdays, higher NEWS2 at arrival, critical care interventions or medications in the ED was associated with ICU admission.
Conclusion:
More than half of the patients were admitted to ICU, and the mortality rate was 16.8%. A large proportion was diagnosed with acute poisoning. Younger age, higher NEWS and critical care in ED were associated with ICU admission. The short ED LOS suggests that management by a multidisciplinary team is beneficial.
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