Hydroxyapatite Formation on Coated Titanium Implants Submerged in Simulated Body Fluid

Titanium implants are commonly used in the field of dentistry for prosthetics such as crowns, bridges, and dentures. For successful therapy, an implant must bind to the surrounding bone in a process known as osseointegration. The objective for this ongoing study is to determine the potential of different implant surface coatings in providing the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). The coatings include titanium nitride (TiN), silicon dioxide (SiO₂), and quaternized titanium nitride (QTiN). The controls were a sodium hydroxide treated group, which functioned as a positive control, and an uncoated titanium group. Each coated disc was submerged in simulated body fluid (SBF), replenished every 48 h, over a period of 28 days. Each coating successfully developed a layer of HA, which was calculated through mass comparisons and observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis x-rays (EDX). Among these coatings, the quaternized titanium nitride coating seemed to have a better yield of HA. Further studies to expand the data concerning this experiment are underway.