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Disruptions in the development of feeding for infants with congenital heart disease

Courtney E Jones1, Hema Desai2, Jennifer L Fogel3

  • 1Acute Care Therapy Services, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.

Cardiology in the Young
|December 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Congenital heart disease (CHD) impacts infant development, causing feeding difficulties that affect growth and bonding. Understanding these challenges is key to improving long-term quality of life for affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect in the U.S., affecting ~36,000 infants annually.
  • Improved survival rates lead to a growing adult population with CHD, necessitating focus on long-term development and quality of life.
  • Infants with CHD face heightened risks of developmental and feeding challenges, impacting neurodevelopment, nutrition, and family bonding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize feeding development disruptions in infants with congenital heart disease.
  • To identify neurodevelopmental factors contributing to oral feeding difficulties in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on CHD, infant development, and feeding.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to oral feeding challenges in infants with CHD.

Main Results:

  • Feeding difficulties in CHD infants stem from medical issues, delayed feeding transitions, reduced stamina, and sensory/developmental delays.
  • The intensive care unit (ICU) environment can exacerbate feeding and developmental challenges.
  • These challenges profoundly affect short- and long-term neurodevelopment, growth, and social-emotional bonding.

Conclusions:

  • Oral feeding difficulties are a significant concern for infants with CHD, impacting multiple facets of development.
  • Addressing neurodevelopmental factors is crucial for optimizing feeding outcomes and quality of life for children with CHD.
  • Further research is needed to develop targeted interventions for feeding challenges in this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)Oral feedingdevelopmental delaysdysphagiafeeding challengesfeeding difficulties

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