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Updated: Nov 26, 2025

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
Published on: February 13, 2017
A Comparative Review of Metal-Based Charge Carriers in Nonaqueous Flow Batteries
Travis C Palmer1, Andrew Beamer1, Tristan Pitt1
1Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
Abstract:
Energy storage is becoming the chief barrier to the utilization of more renewable energy sources on the grid. With independent service operators aiming to acquire gigawatts in the next 10-20 years, there is a large need to develop a suite of new storage technologies. Redox flow batteries (RFB) may be part of the solution if certain key barriers are overcome. This Review focuses on a particular kind of RFB based on nonaqueous media that promises to meet the challenge through higher voltages than the organic and aqueous variants. This class of RFB is divided into three groups: molecular, macromolecular, and redox-targeted systems. The growing field of theoretical modeling is also reviewed and discussed.
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