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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
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Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Hoarseness Due to Aortic Arch Aneurysms.

Shi-Min Yuan1

  • 1The First Hospital of Putian, Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Putian, People's Republic of China.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
|December 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ortner's syndrome, caused by aortic arch aneurysms, often affects the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Surgical or interventional treatments effectively relieve hoarseness, though recovery varies by intervention type.

Keywords:
Aneurysm, InfectedAorta AneurysmConservative TreatmentHoarsenessRecurrent Laryngeal NerveTrachea

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Ortner's syndrome is characterized by hoarseness due to extrinsic compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
  • Aortic arch aneurysms are a significant, though less common, cause of Ortner's syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Ortner's syndrome resulting from aortic arch aneurysms.
  • To analyze the clinical presentation, affected structures, and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted, encompassing the past two decades.
  • 75 relevant reports, including 86 patients, were analyzed, supplemented by a recent case study.

Main Results:

  • Mycotic aneurysms were the most frequent cause of aortic arch aneurysms leading to hoarseness.
  • The left recurrent laryngeal nerve and trachea were the most commonly compressed structures.
  • Surgical/interventional treatments achieved a 64.3% hoarseness relief rate, significantly higher than conservative management.

Conclusions:

  • Both surgical and interventional approaches yield comparable hoarseness relief.
  • Intervention is recommended for aortic arch aneurysms presenting with Ortner's syndrome to address both the aneurysm and hoarseness.