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PCSK9: Associated with cardiac diseases and their risk factors?

Yanan Guo1, Binjie Yan2, Shi Tai1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
|December 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is linked to heart disease and its risk factors. PCSK9 inhibitors show promise in improving cardiac function and reducing damage after heart attacks.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is crucial for cholesterol metabolism via the PCSK9-LDLR pathway.
  • PCSK9 is a novel drug target for lipid-lowering therapies.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a link between PCSK9 and cardiac diseases and their risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between PCSK9, cardiac diseases, and related risk factors.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of PCSK9's role in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
  • To highlight the potential of PCSK9 inhibition in managing cardiac conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical and experimental studies.
  • Analysis of PCSK9's independent effects on the heart.
  • Examination of PCSK9's role in inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular processes.

Main Results:

  • PCSK9 upregulation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) promotes cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis, leading to cardiac insufficiency.
  • PCSK9 influences heart failure pathophysiology, platelet activation, coagulation, and aortic valve calcification.
  • PCSK9 levels correlate with age, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.
  • PCSK9 inhibitors demonstrated benefits in a rat model of AMI, reducing infarct size and improving cardiac function.

Conclusions:

  • PCSK9 plays a multifaceted role in cardiac diseases beyond cholesterol regulation.
  • Targeting PCSK9 offers a potential therapeutic strategy for various cardiovascular conditions.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate PCSK9's complex role in cardiovascular health.
Keywords:
Cardiac diseasesCardiomyocyteInflammationPCSK9Risk factors

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