Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

428
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
428
Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

112.2K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
112.2K
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

67.7K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
67.7K
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

3.5K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
3.5K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

685
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
685
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

55.4K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
55.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structured Antenatal Counselling Improves Maternal Influenza and Pertussis Uptake: A Prospective Comparative Study in Greece.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2026
Same author

Editorial: Artificial intelligence in assisted reproductive treatments.

Frontiers in reproductive health·2025
Same author

Relaxin as a potential diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer- A prospective study.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2021
Same author

Successful conservative medical management of an interstitial ectopic pregnancy at 10 weeks of gestation: A case report.

Case reports in women's health·2021
Same author

Preeclampsia and long-term coronary artery disease: How to minimize the odds?

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2020
Same author

Endometriosis in adolescence: Early manifestation of the traditional disease or a unique variant?

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
06:11

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring

Published on: May 17, 2024

920

Microbiome affecting reproductive outcome in ARTs.

O Tsonis1, F Gkrozou2, M Paschopoulos1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece.

Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction
|December 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The human microbiome impacts reproductive health. Understanding the male and female reproductive tract microbiota is crucial for improving fertility treatments and outcomes in infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs).

Keywords:
Assisted reproductive techniquesEndometritisImplantation failureIn vitro fertilizationMale component in ARTsMale microbiomeMicrobiomeProstateSeminal fluidVaginal microbiota

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip
08:15

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

2.9K
Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
06:49

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
06:11

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring

Published on: May 17, 2024

920
Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip
08:15

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

2.9K
Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
06:49

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Microbiome Research
  • Infertility Studies

Background:

  • The human microbiome plays a critical role in overall health and disease.
  • Microbiota inhabit the male and female reproductive tracts, and disruptions may negatively affect reproductive health.
  • Altered microbial communities in the endometrium and vagina are implicated in assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the reproductive tract microbiome in males and females.
  • To explore the impact of these microbiomes on ART success rates in infertile couples.
  • To highlight the significance of microbial analysis in male infertility and unexplained fertility.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current scientific evidence.
  • Synthesis of findings on reproductive tract microbiota composition and function.
  • Analysis of the relationship between microbiome alterations and ART outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a link between endometrial and vaginal microbiota and ART success.
  • Seminal fluid analysis may aid in diagnosing and managing male reproductive microflora abnormalities.
  • Understanding reproductive tract microbiota can enhance fertility expert insights into unexplained infertility.

Conclusions:

  • The composition of the male and female reproductive tract microbiome is vital for reproductive health.
  • Targeting microbial imbalances may improve fertility outcomes and ART success rates.
  • Further research into reproductive tract microbiota is essential for advancing infertility treatment.