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Peripheral arterial occlusion due to COVID-19: CT angiography findings of nine patients

Makoto Ogawa1, Florence X Doo1, Alexander S Somwaru1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Clinical Imaging
|December 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with comorbidities and elevated inflammatory markers face a higher risk of peripheral arterial occlusion. This study investigated predisposing factors in COVID-19 patients experiencing limb arterial blockages.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Reports suggest a link between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and large vessel peripheral arterial occlusion.
  • Prior research primarily focused on venous or cerebral arterial occlusions, necessitating investigation into extremity arterial occlusions in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predisposing factors for peripheral arterial extremity occlusions in patients exclusively presenting with this condition and diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To identify common risk factors and clinical parameters associated with this specific subset of COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of COVID-19 patients with peripheral arterial occlusions.
  • Data collected from a multi-hospital healthcare system in New York City between February and April 2020.
  • Analysis of patient data and computed tomography angiography (CTA) exams.

Main Results:

  • Nine patients (ages 37-93) with COVID-19 and extremity arterial occlusions were identified.
  • Common risk factors included obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.
  • Patients exhibited elevated inflammatory markers (ferritin, ESR, CRP) and D-dimer levels.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 patients with comorbidities and elevated inflammatory markers/D-dimer may be at increased risk for large vessel peripheral arterial occlusion.
  • Highlights the importance of monitoring for arterial complications in high-risk COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19CTAHypercoagulabilityPeripheral arterial occlusionThrombosis

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