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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Serum ceramide levels are altered in multiple sclerosis.

Angeliki G Filippatou1, Mohammed Moniruzzaman1, Elias S Sotirchos1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Altered ceramide levels in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) correlate with increased disability and retinal neurodegeneration. These findings suggest ceramides may serve as biomarkers for disease progression in MS.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisceramideslipidomics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Lipidomics
  • Neurodegeneration

Background:

  • Sphingolipids are crucial for myelin and immune signaling.
  • Altered sphingolipid metabolism is implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Previous studies on MS sphingolipids were limited by small sample sizes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare serum ceramide levels between people with MS (PwMS) and healthy controls (HCs).
  • Investigate correlations between ceramide levels, disability status, and retinal atrophy rates in PwMS.

Main Methods:

  • Targeted lipidomics analysis of 45 ceramides in 251 PwMS and 68 HCs.
  • Assessment of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores for 185 PwMS.
  • Serial spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for 180 PwMS.

Main Results:

  • Significant alterations in ceramides (e.g., hexosylceramides, lactosylceramides, dihydroceramides) were observed in PwMS compared to HCs.
  • Elevated Cer16:0 levels were associated with a higher likelihood of EDSS worsening over 5 years.
  • Increased Hex-Cer22:0 and DH-HexCer22:0 concentrations correlated with accelerated thinning of retinal layers (ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer).

Conclusions:

  • Serum ceramide profiles are altered in people with multiple sclerosis.
  • Specific ceramides are associated with both physical disability progression and retinal neurodegeneration in MS.
  • Ceramides show potential as biomarkers for monitoring MS progression and neurodegenerative changes.