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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Human stem cell-based models for studying autism spectrum disorder-related neuronal dysfunction.

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Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enable patient-specific modeling of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research focuses on neuronal dysfunction and connectivity in ASD using iPSC-derived models, including brain organoids, for therapeutic development.

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Autism spectrum disorderBrain organoidsCell reprogrammingIn vitro differentiationInduced pluripotent stem cellsNeuronal connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) allow in vitro study of human central nervous system development.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enable patient-specific disease modeling.
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with early alterations in neurogenesis and network formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review recent advances in human iPSC-based modeling of ASD.
  • Focus on neuronal dysfunction and altered connectivity in ASD.
  • Discuss translation to 3D models and therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies using human iPSC-based models for ASD.
  • Focus on neuronal differentiation and functional assessment.
  • Exploration of brain organoids and cell transplantation for ASD modeling.

Main Results:

  • iPSC models recapitulate aspects of syndromic and non-syndromic ASD.
  • Studies highlight neuronal dysfunction and altered connectivity in ASD models.
  • 3D brain organoids and transplantation offer more complex disease modeling.

Conclusions:

  • Human iPSC-based models are valuable for studying ASD pathogenesis.
  • These models facilitate investigation of neuronal dysfunction and connectivity.
  • Future research directions include advanced tools and therapeutic assessments.