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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Complete Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma Type IIIb
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Primary biliary cholangitis.

Ana Lleo1, Giu-Qiang Wang2, Merrill Eric Gershwin3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.

Lancet (London, England)
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease primarily affecting women. Treatment focuses on ursodeoxycholic acid, with obeticholic acid as an add-on therapy for non-responders, while symptom management is crucial.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease predominantly affecting women.
  • Characterized by lymphocytic destruction of small bile ducts, leading to cholestasis and fibrosis.
  • Etiology involves immune damage, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and management of primary biliary cholangitis.
  • To discuss established and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To highlight the importance of risk stratification and symptom management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary biliary cholangitis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Analysis of current treatment guidelines and clinical trial data.
  • Emphasis on patient-reported outcomes, including pruritus and fatigue.

Main Results:

  • Ursodeoxycholic acid is the primary treatment for cholestasis.
  • Obeticholic acid serves as an add-on therapy for inadequate responders.
  • Bezafibrate and investigational agents represent alternative and future treatment options.
  • Risk stratification utilizes baseline characteristics and liver injury markers (bilirubin, ALP).

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of PBC requires addressing both disease progression and patient symptoms.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are essential for optimizing outcomes.
  • Ongoing research aims to develop novel therapies for PBC.