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Walking-friendly built environments and objectively measured physical function in older adults.

Mohammad Javad Koohsari1, Gavin R McCormack2, Tomoki Nakaya3

  • 1Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan; Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.

Journal of Sport and Health Science
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Urban design attributes like density and destination availability are linked to better physical function in older Japanese men. Walkable neighborhoods may support active aging and physical health.

Keywords:
ElderlyFunctional testNeighborhoodUrban designWalkability

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Urban Planning
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on urban design's impact on older adults' physical function, particularly in Asian urban settings.
  • Understanding built environment influences is crucial for promoting healthy aging in diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between objectively measured urban design attributes and physical function in Japanese older adults.
  • To assess how walkability factors in a Japanese urban environment relate to the physical capabilities of the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cross-sectional data from 314 Japanese older adults (aged 65-84).
  • Objectively measured physical function (upper/lower body, mobility, balance) and built environment attributes (density, destinations, intersections, transit access).
  • Calculated Walk Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability.

Main Results:

  • Higher population density, destination availability, and intersection density were associated with better physical function (1-legged stance) in older men.
  • A higher Walk Score showed a marginal association with improved physical function in older men.
  • No significant associations were found between environmental attributes and physical function in older women.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental attributes promoting walkability are associated with physical function in elderly men in Asian cities.
  • Developing walkable neighborhoods can encourage physical activity and enhance the physical function of older adults.