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Effect of Cardiac Surgery on One-Year Patient-Reported Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Eric J Charles1, J Hunter Mehaffey1, Robert B Hawkins1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|December 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac surgery significantly enhances long-term patient quality of life, improving mental, physical, and social well-being one year post-operation. This study highlights the importance of patient-reported outcomes in cardiac care delivery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

  • Current cardiac surgery quality measures primarily focus on perioperative results.
  • Understanding long-term patient-reported quality of life is crucial for high-value, patient-centered cardiac care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the impact of cardiac surgery on long-term patient-reported outcomes.
  • To assess changes in mental health, physical health, functioning, social satisfaction, and cognition one year after surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of patients undergoing cardiac surgery at an academic medical center (2016-2017).
  • Utilized the National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) for data collection.
  • Collected baseline and perioperative data from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac surgery led to significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes at one year across mental health, physical health, physical functioning, and social satisfaction domains.
  • One-year all-cause mortality was 5.1% and major morbidity was 11.2%.
  • Discharge destination (home vs. facility) did not impact one-year patient-reported outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac surgery demonstrably improves long-term patient quality of life, with significant gains in mental, physical, and social well-being.
  • The National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System provides valuable, quantifiable data for enhancing patient-centered care.
Abstract

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