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Advances of miRNAs in kidney graft injury

Jiyue Wu1, Feilong Zhang1, Jiandong Zhang1

  • 1Institute of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical Unversity, China.

Transplantation Reviews (Orlando, Fla.)
|December 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for kidney graft injury, offering a stable and accessible option beyond current diagnostic limitations. This review explores their role in various kidney injury types and their potential for clinical application.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Kidney graft injury significantly impacts graft survival post-transplantation for end-stage renal disease patients.
  • Current diagnostic methods for kidney graft injury, like biopsy and creatinine levels, have limitations including invasiveness and low sensitivity/specificity.
  • There is a critical need for novel biomarkers and effective treatments for kidney graft injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiology of various kidney graft injuries.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for kidney graft injury.
  • To summarize miRNA expression data in kidney graft injury for future research and clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating miRNAs in kidney graft injury.
  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in specific injury types: ischemia/reperfusion injury, acute rejection, drug-induced nephrotoxicity, chronic allograft dysfunction, and BK virus infection.
  • Compilation of data on miRNA expression levels in kidney graft injury.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are implicated in regulating the progression of kidney graft injury.
  • miRNAs exhibit high stability in body fluids, suggesting potential as non-invasive biomarkers.
  • Specific miRNA expression patterns are associated with different types of kidney graft injury.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs represent promising biomarkers for early and accurate detection of kidney graft injury.
  • miRNAs hold potential as novel therapeutic targets to mitigate kidney graft injury and improve graft survival.
  • Further research into miRNA mechanisms and clinical validation is warranted for effective translation.
Keywords:
BiomarkerKidney graft injuryMechanismTherapeutic targetmiRNAs

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