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Related Concept Videos

Biofilms01:29

Biofilms

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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
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Polyphosphazenes enable durable, hemocompatible, highly efficient antibacterial coatings.

Victoria Albright1, Daniel Penarete-Acosta2, Mary Stack3

  • 1Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Biomaterials
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Novel polymer coatings offer robust, biocompatible antibacterial protection for medical devices. These coatings demonstrate sustained antibiotic release and effectiveness against bacteria, even after prolonged exposure.

Keywords:
AntibacterialFluoropolymersHemocompatibleLayer-by-layerPolyphosphazenesSelf-defensive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • Biocompatible antibacterial coatings are crucial for preventing infections associated with medical devices.
  • Existing polyelectrolyte coatings face challenges with antibiotic compatibility at neutral pH and salt-induced release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coatings using anionic polyphosphazenes (PPzs) and cationic antibiotics.
  • To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy, biocompatibility, and release kinetics of these new coatings.

Main Methods:

  • Layer-by-layer assembly of anionic polyphosphazenes (PPzs) with cationic antibiotics (polymyxin B, colistin, gentamicin, neomycin).
  • Assessment of antibiotic release under varying salt concentrations and pH conditions.
  • Evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Hemolysis assays and fibroblast cytotoxicity tests.
  • Ex vivo studies on pig skin models.

Main Results:

  • The developed PPz-antibiotic coatings exhibited low antibiotic release in saline conditions and pH-triggered release.
  • Coatings maintained potent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria after extended exposure and repeated challenges.
  • Low hemolytic activity (<1%) was observed for both rabbit and porcine blood.
  • Coatings showed no toxicity to fibroblasts and allowed tunable fibroblast adhesion based on PPz fluorination.
  • Excellent antibacterial performance was confirmed in ex vivo pig skin models.

Conclusions:

  • Novel polyphosphazene-based hybrid polymer coatings offer a promising strategy for creating tunable, biocompatible, and effective antibacterial surfaces for medical devices.
  • These coatings address limitations of traditional polyelectrolytes, providing controlled antibiotic release and sustained antibacterial action.