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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Effect of Left Atrial Ligation on Avian Embryonic Hearts and HLHS Implications
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Isolated left ventricular hypoplasia - A singularity.

Naseer A Choh1, Saika Amreen1, Amber Bashir Mir2

  • 1Department of Radiodiagnosis, SKIMS Soura, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Isolated left ventricular hypoplasia presents a diagnostic challenge with an unknown cause and outcome. This case report highlights cardiac magnetic resonance as a key tool for identifying this rare cardiomyopathy.

Keywords:
Cardiomyopathyfatty left ventricular apexisolated left ventricular hypoplasiaseptal bowing

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Isolated left ventricular hypoplasia (ILVH) is a rare cardiac condition.
  • Its natural history and etiology remain poorly understood.
  • ILVH can manifest in both infants and adults.

Observation:

  • This case report details a patient with isolated left ventricular hypoplasia.
  • The condition's presentation can range from asymptomatic to sudden cardiac death.
  • Physicians may encounter varied clinical scenarios.

Findings:

  • Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) offers significant advantages in diagnosing ILVH.
  • CMR provides detailed anatomical and functional information.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial.

Implications:

  • Increased physician awareness of ILVH is essential.
  • Cardiac magnetic resonance should be considered for diagnosing this cardiomyopathy.
  • Further research into ILVH etiology and management is warranted.