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Updated: Nov 26, 2025

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
Published on: September 13, 2022
FLUOROSCOPY-GUIDED BILIARY PROCEDURES IN A PREGNANT, LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENT: FETUS RADIATION PROTECTION
R Gerasia1,2,3, C Cannataci4, G S Gallo1,2
1Radiology Unit, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS-ISMETT), Palermo, Italy.
Abstract:
We report three cases of clinically necessary, fluoroscopy-guided, percutaneous biliary procedures performed safely in a pregnant, liver transplant recipient using three different angiography suites. The uterine cumulative equivalent dose was 0.25 mSv, a value obtained by adding the doses of the three procedures described above, and which is relatively low when compared with the naturally occurring background radiation exposure for a 9-month pregnancy (~0.5-1 mSv). Our experience shows that staff knowledge, awareness and liaison promote the application of all dose reduction strategies possible while still achieving the clinical aim despite using different angiographic equipment.
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