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The prognostic value of general laboratory testing in patients with COVID-19

Zhihua Lv1, Wei Wang2, Bin Qiao1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|December 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral blood cell counts and biochemical markers aid in diagnosing COVID-19 and predicting patient outcomes. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) shows high diagnostic accuracy for coronavirus disease 2019.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Peripheral blood lymphocyte count (LYM) and general biochemical markers are recognized for their diagnostic and prognostic value in COVID-19.
  • The utility of other indices in COVID-19 assessment remains less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of peripheral blood cell counts and general biochemical markers in patients with COVID-19.
  • To identify key indicators for distinguishing COVID-19 severity and predicting adverse outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 94 COVID-19 patients was classified into moderate, severe, and critical groups.
  • Forty healthy individuals served as controls.
  • Peripheral blood cell counts and general biochemical analyses were performed and compared across groups.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) were observed in peripheral blood analyses between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls.
  • Significant variations (p < 0.05) in LYM, neutrophil count (Neu), platelet count (PLT), and white blood cell count (WBC) were noted among different COVID-19 severity groups.
  • Key biochemical markers including direct bilirubin (DBIL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Ch), and urea showed significant differences (p < 0.05) across severity levels.
  • The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for COVID-19 diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral blood cell counts and biochemical markers are valuable for diagnosing COVID-19 and predicting disease severity and patient prognosis.
  • Economical and readily accessible indices are recommended for clinical use in diagnosing and predicting COVID-19 outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19biochemical analysisperipheral blood cell countsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

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