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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts
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Immunotherapy approaches targeting neuroblastoma.

Rosa Nguyen1, Carol J Thiele

  • 1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|December 14, 2020
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Immunotherapy, including monoclonal antibodies targeting disialoganglioside, significantly improves survival for high-risk neuroblastoma patients. Combinations with other therapies show promise for bulky disease and offer new pediatric cancer treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Neuroblastoma is a high-risk pediatric solid tumor.
  • Traditional treatments have limitations in improving survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors, focusing on neuroblastoma.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of immunotherapy in improving event-free and overall survival.
  • To discuss the synergistic potential of immunotherapy with conventional treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trials and biologic studies on immunotherapy in neuroblastoma.
  • Analysis of immunotherapeutic approaches, including monoclonal antibodies and cytokines.
  • Evaluation of treatment combinations with chemotherapy and cellular therapies.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy demonstrates improved event-free and overall survival in high-risk neuroblastoma.
  • Monoclonal antibodies targeting disialoganglioside and cytokines effectively eliminate minimal residual disease.
  • Combination therapies show effectiveness in treating bulky disease and managing side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy represents a breakthrough in pediatric solid tumor treatment, particularly for neuroblastoma.
  • Combination of immunotherapy with conventional treatments offers synergistic effects.
  • These advancements herald a new era in pediatric cancer therapy, presenting new challenges and opportunities.