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Epigenetic modifications and the development of kidney graft fibrosis

Thomas Rousselle1, Elissa Bardhi1, Daniel G Maluf1,2

  • 1Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery.

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
|December 14, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Epigenetic mechanisms are key in kidney transplant fibrosis. New research identifies epigenetic markers and extracellular vesicles as potential therapeutic targets and non-invasive biomarkers for renal fibrosis.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Renal fibrosis post-kidney transplant drives chronic allograft dysfunction.
  • TGFβ/Smad signaling is a major driver of fibrosis progression.
  • Aging and comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes worsen regulatory decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries in epigenetic regulatory mechanisms impacting renal fibrosis after transplantation.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools for kidney transplant fibrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on epigenetic regulation in renal fibrosis.
  • Analysis of studies on TGFβ/Smad signaling and epigenetic markers.
  • Examination of research on extracellular vesicles in transplant outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications are identified upstream of aberrant TGFβ-signaling.
  • These epigenetic markers offer potential therapeutic targets for renal fibrosis.
  • Extracellular vesicles and their cargo show promise for non-invasive patient outcome evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic machinery plays a critical role in the development of renal fibrosis.
  • Emerging epigenetic therapies hold promise for clinical translation.
  • Extracellular vesicles offer a novel avenue for monitoring transplant health.

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