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Chromosome aberrations induced by nitro-, nitroso- and aminopyrenes in cultured Chinese hamster cells
Abstract:
Nitropyrenes are a class of polycyclic hydrocarbons that have been shown to be potent point mutagens in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay. However, relatively few data have been published on their ability to induce chromosome aberrations. In this paper we report the cytogenetic activity of 1-nitropyrene, 1-nitrosopyrene, and 1-aminopyrene in cultured Chinese hamster cells (Don:Wg3h). Following treatment with 1-nitrosopyrene, high levels of both chromosome and chromatid types of aberrations were induced, the most notable effect being an increase in chromatid exchanges. Much weaker, but statistically significant, responses were also obtained for 1-nitropyrene and 1-aminopyrene.
Insights
1-Nitrosopyrene and related compounds can cause significant genetic damage. This study reveals their potential to induce chromosome aberrations in cultured cells, highlighting genotoxicity risks.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Genetics
Background:
- Nitropyrenes are known mutagens, but their capacity to induce chromosome aberrations is less understood.
- Limited data exists on the cytogenetic effects of specific nitropyrenes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cytogenetic activity of 1-nitropyrene, 1-nitrosopyrene, and 1-aminopyrene.
- To assess the potential of these compounds to induce chromosome aberrations in cultured mammalian cells.
Main Methods:
- Cultured Chinese hamster cells (Don:Wg3h) were treated with 1-nitropyrene, 1-nitrosopyrene, and 1-aminopyrene.
- Cytogenetic analysis was performed to quantify chromosome and chromatid aberrations.
Main Results:
- 1-Nitrosopyrene induced high levels of both chromosome and chromatid aberrations.
- A notable increase in chromatid exchanges was observed after 1-nitrosopyrene treatment.
- 1-Nitropyrene and 1-aminopyrene also showed statistically significant, though weaker, genotoxic responses.
Conclusions:
- 1-Nitrosopyrene is a potent inducer of chromosomal damage in mammalian cells.
- 1-Nitropyrene and 1-aminopyrene exhibit weaker, but significant, cytogenetic activity.
- These findings contribute to understanding the genotoxicity of nitropyrenes.