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Spontaneous emulsification induced by nanoparticle surfactants.

J Hasnain¹, Y Jiang¹, H Hou¹

¹Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|December 15, 2020

Summary

Stable microemulsions can now be formed spontaneously using nanoparticle surfactants. This breakthrough offers enhanced control and flexibility, enabling novel applications by inheriting nanoparticle properties.

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Area of Science:

Physical Chemistry
Materials Science
Colloid Science

Background:

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant.
Conventional microemulsion formation requires careful surfactant selection, limiting their application scope.
Nanoparticle surfactants offer a flexible alternative due to tunable surface chemistry for liquid-liquid interface binding.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a thermodynamic model for predicting spontaneous emulsification driven by nanoparticle surfactants.
To validate the model with experimental data using Noria nanoparticles.
To explore the potential of nanoparticle-stabilized microemulsions for novel applications.

Main Methods:

Derivation of a thermodynamic model for nanoparticle-driven emulsification.
Experimental validation using Noria nanoparticles.
Characterization of the resulting microemulsion properties.

Main Results:

The thermodynamic model accurately predicts conditions for spontaneous emulsification with nanoparticle surfactants.
Experiments confirmed the model's quantitative agreement using Noria nanoparticles.
The resulting microemulsions possess tunable properties inherited from the nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

Nanoparticle surfactants provide a versatile route to thermodynamically stable microemulsions.
This approach overcomes limitations associated with conventional surfactants.
The unique properties of these novel microemulsions open avenues for innovative applications.