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Pain in intensive care unit patients-A longitudinal study
Brita F Olsen1,2, Berit T Valeberg3,4, Morten Jacobsen5,6,7
1Intensive and Post Operative Unit Østfold Hospital Trust Grålum Norway.
Aim:
To assess occurrence of pain during the first 6 days of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and evaluate associations between occurrence of pain and selected patient-related variables.
Design:
A longitudinal study.
Methods:
Adult ICU patients from three units were included. Patients' pain was assessed with valid pain assessment tools every 8 hr during their first 6 days in ICU. Possible associations between occurrence of pain and selected patient-related variables were modelled using multiple logistic regression.
Results:
When pain was assessed regularly with pain assessment tools, 10% of patients were in pain at rest and 27% were in pain during turning. The proportions of patients who were in pain were significantly higher for patients able to self-report pain, compared with patients not able to self-report (p < .001). Several predictors were associated with being in pain. It is important to be aware of these predictors in order to improve pain management.
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