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Factors Associated with Transphobia: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.

Yasuko Kanamori1, Yonghong J Xu1

  • 1Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Research, the University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

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|December 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Religious fundamentalism and gender significantly predict transphobia. Increased contact with transgender individuals can reduce transphobia, with religious fundamentalism indirectly influencing this through contact. Gender differences were also observed.

Keywords:
Transphobiacontactgendermulti-group analysisreligious fundamentalismstructural equation modelingtransgender prejudice

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Transphobia remains a significant social issue, impacting the well-being of transgender individuals.
  • Understanding the psychological and social determinants of transphobia is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • Existing research suggests that religious beliefs and intergroup contact may play a role in shaping attitudes towards transgender people.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct and indirect effects of religious fundamentalism, intergroup contact, and gender on transphobia.
  • To examine the mediating role of contact in the relationship between religious fundamentalism and transphobia.
  • To explore potential gender differences in the associations between these variables.

Main Methods:

  • A quantitative study utilizing a partially latent variable Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis.
  • Data collected from an online sample of 400 U.S. adults (mean age = 38.91 years).
  • Multi-group analysis was employed to test for gender differences in the proposed structural model.

Main Results:

  • Religious fundamentalism, contact, and gender were all found to have statistically significant direct effects on transphobia.
  • Religious fundamentalism demonstrated a significant indirect effect on transphobia, mediated by contact with transgender individuals.
  • Significant gender differences were observed in the effects of religious fundamentalism on both contact and transphobia.

Conclusions:

  • Findings underscore the complex interplay between religious beliefs, intergroup contact, gender, and transphobic attitudes.
  • Interventions aimed at reducing transphobia should consider addressing religious fundamentalism and promoting positive contact experiences.
  • The study highlights the need for gender-sensitive approaches in research and practice related to transphobia.