Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials
Published on: July 8, 2021
Physicochemical, biological, and antibacterial evaluation of tricalcium silicate-based reparative cements with
Marcela Borsatto Queiroz1, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres1, Elisandra Marcia Rodrigues1
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Objective:
To evaluate tricalcium silicate-based (TCS) experimental materials, associated with zirconium oxide (ZrO2), calcium tungstate (CaWO4) or niobium oxide (Nb2O5) radiopacifiers, in comparison with MTA Repair HP (Angelus).
Methods:
Physicochemical tests: setting time, radiopacity, pH and solubility. In vitro assays: cytotoxicity: MTT and Neutral Red - NR; cell bioactivity: alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), Alzarin red staining (ARS) and real time PCR (qPCR). Antibacterial activity: direct contact on Enterococcus faecalis in the planktonic form. Physicochemical and ARS data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey tests; antibacterial activity, to Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn tests; MTT, NR, ALP and qPCR were analyzed by ANOVA/Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05).
Results:
TCS + CaWO4 presented the longest setting time and MTA HP the shortest. Except for TCS, all the materials presented radiopacity above 3 mmAl. The cements had alkaline pH, antibacterial activity, low solubility and no cytotoxic effects. The highest ALP activity occurred in 14 days, especially to TCS, TCS + ZrO2 and TCS + CaWO4. TCS + ZrO2, TCS + Nb2O5 and MTAHP had higher mineralized nodule formation than those of the negative control (NC). After 7 days, there was no difference in mRNA expression for ALP, when compared to NC. However, after 14 days there was no overexpressed ALP mRNA, especially TCS + Nb2O5, in relation to the CN. All the materials presented antimicrobial action.
Significance:
The pure tricalcium silicate associated with ZrO2, CaWO4 or Nb2O5 had appropriate physicochemical properties, antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility and induced mineralization in Saos-2, indicating their use as reparative materials.
More Related Videos
06:27Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence
Published on: September 23, 2018
07:42Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
Related Concept Videos
Hydration of Cement
Soundness of Cement
Strength and Heat of Hydration
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
Porosity in Cement Paste
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
Mortar Properties
Pozzolans
Fly ash is...