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Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive Impairment

Asam Murtaza1, Indranil Dasgupta2

  • 1Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|December 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairment (CI). Further research is needed to understand and treat CI in CKD patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly linked to cognitive impairment (CI).
  • Vascular and metabolic factors, prevalent in CKD, contribute to CI.
  • CI in CKD patients negatively impacts daily function, quality of life, and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between CKD and CI.
  • To discuss potential causes and interventions for CI in CKD.
  • To highlight the need for further research and routine cognitive testing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CKD and cognitive function.
  • Analysis of risk factors and consequences of CI in CKD.
  • Evaluation of existing and potential therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive function declines notably after initiating hemodialysis (HD).
  • Intra-dialytic hemodynamic instability may cause stepwise cognitive decline in HD patients.
  • Exercise and cooled HD show potential benefits but require more research.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment is a significant complication of CKD.
  • Routine cognition testing should be implemented for CKD patients.
  • Development of targeted therapeutic interventions for CI in CKD is essential.

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseCognitionDementiaExerciseHaemodialysis

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