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Related Concept Videos

Reflex Activity01:08

Reflex Activity

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A reflex activity is an automatic, involuntary response to specific stimuli. It is a part of our survival mechanism, designed to protect us from potential harm. For example, when a bright light suddenly shines into our eyes, we instinctively close them or look away. This is a simple reflex activity orchestrated by the nervous system without conscious thought or effort.
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
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Electroretinogram Recording for Infants and Children under Anesthesia to Achieve Optimal Dark Adaptation and International Standards
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Oculocardiac Reflex During ROP Exams.

August C Schumacher1, Michelle L Ball2, Andrew W Arnold3

  • 1US Ski Team, Alaska Winter Stars, Anchorage, AK, USA.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|December 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eye exams for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) cause significant bradycardia in premature infants, more so than the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) during strabismus surgery.

Keywords:
bradycardiaretinopathy of prematuritystrabismus

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Physiologic stress, including bradycardia, during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) eye exams is a concern.
  • Understanding heart rate changes during ROP examinations is crucial for infant well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To observe and quantify heart rate changes during routine ROP eye examinations in infants.
  • To compare the bradycardia response during ROP exams with the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) observed during strabismus surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocardiography was used to monitor heart rate during ROP exams without topical anesthesia.
  • Data from ROP exams were collected using ROP-Check software.
  • Bradycardia was defined as the maximal percentage change in heart rate from baseline, with strabismus surgery patients serving as controls.

Main Results:

  • ROP exams induced a median heart rate drop to 55.9% of baseline in 281 infants, averaging 92 seconds.
  • This bradycardia was more pronounced than the median 87.8% heart rate in 1493 strabismus surgery patients.
  • ROP-induced bradycardia correlated with lower gestational age and birthweight.

Conclusions:

  • Bradycardia is a common and significant finding during ROP eye exams in premature infants.
  • The degree, onset, and duration of bradycardia during ROP exams exceed that of OCR during strabismus surgery.
  • These findings highlight the need for strategies to mitigate physiologic stress during ROP examinations.