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Related Concept Videos

Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design01:28

Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design

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Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
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Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

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Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence....
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

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Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
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Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

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Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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SARS-CoV-2: Structure, Biology, and Structure-Based Therapeutics Development.

Mei-Yue Wang1, Rong Zhao1, Li-Juan Gao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of Shanxi Province, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|December 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review summarizes SARS-CoV-2 research, covering COVID-19 epidemiology, virus biology, and structure-based therapeutics like antibodies and vaccines. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for developing effective treatments and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
antibodiesantiviral compoundsprotein structuresevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2vaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic presents significant global health challenges.
  • Effective therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19 are still under development, necessitating a deeper understanding of the virus.
  • Comprehensive knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions is vital for combating the pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current advancements in SARS-CoV-2 research.
  • To discuss the epidemiology and biology of SARS-CoV-2, including its origin, evolution, and receptor binding.
  • To highlight structure-based therapeutic strategies and future research perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent SARS-CoV-2 research.
  • Analysis of epidemic and epidemiological data for COVID-19.
  • Examination of SARS-CoV-2 protein structures and their implications for drug and vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • Summary of COVID-19's epidemic situation and epidemiological characteristics.
  • Discussion on SARS-CoV-2's biological aspects, including origin and host interaction mechanisms.
  • Overview of structure-based therapeutic approaches, including antibodies, antivirals, and vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Continued research into SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions is essential.
  • Structure-based drug design offers promising avenues for therapeutic and vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.
  • Addressing limitations and pursuing future research directions will aid in the global fight against SARS-CoV-2 infection.