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A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

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Published on: February 13, 2020

Citizens Versus the Internet: Confronting Digital Challenges With Cognitive Tools.

Anastasia Kozyreva¹, Stephan Lewandowsky^2,3, Ralph Hertwig¹

¹Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development.

Psychological Science in the Public Interest : a Journal of the American Psychological Society

|December 16, 2020

Summary

The internet

Keywords:

attention economy behavioral policy boosting choice architecture cognitive tools decision aids disinformation false news media literacy nudging

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Area of Science:

Psychological Science
Human-Computer Interaction
Behavioral Economics

Background:

The internet is a vital digital space but contains manipulative choice architectures.
These architectures prioritize commercial interests, leading to negative societal impacts like reduced autonomy and disinformation.
Commercial entities hold significant strategic advantages and data in the online landscape.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a conceptual map of interventions based on psychological science.
To empower internet users with greater control over their digital environments.
To enhance information literacy and cognitive resistance to online manipulation.

Main Methods:

Systematically outlining differences between online and offline environments.
Identifying four key challenges: manipulative choice architectures, AI-assisted information, false information, and distracting environments.
Analyzing behavioral and cognitive interventions: nudges, technocognition, and boosts.

Main Results:

Focus on 'boosts' as a key intervention type.
Two main groups of boosts identified: enhancing user agency and boosting reasoning/resilience competencies.
Examples include self-nudging, deliberate ignorance, decision aids, and inoculation.

Conclusions:

Cognitive tools can counteract manipulative online environments.
Interventions aim to foster civility, protect reason, and preserve human autonomy online.
Empowering users is crucial against manipulative architectures and disinformation.