Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 25, 2025
10:39
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
18.5K
Noninvasive Neuromodulation in Migraine
Benzion Blech1, Amaal J Starling2
1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA. blech.benzion@mayo.edu.
Current Pain and Headache Reports
|December 16, 2020
Summary
Noninvasive neuromodulation devices offer a promising, low-side-effect treatment for migraine. This review summarizes current options like sTMS, nVNS, and eTNS, highlighting the need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Migraine is a prevalent primary headache disorder.
- Noninvasive neuromodulation has emerged as a therapeutic option for migraine treatment over the past two decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a narrative review of current noninvasive neuromodulation devices for migraine treatment.
- To summarize the available evidence, tolerability, and access issues for these devices.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of noninvasive neuromodulation devices for migraine.
- Analysis of FDA-cleared and marketed devices.
Main Results:
- Several noninvasive neuromodulation devices are available, including single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS), noninvasive vagal nerve stimulators (nVNS), and external trigeminal nerve stimulators (eTNS).
- Emerging technologies include peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) and caloric stimulation.
- These devices show potential benefits for migraine patients with minimal side effects, though evidence varies.
Conclusions:
- Noninvasive neuromodulation devices represent a valuable addition to migraine management.
- Continued rigorous research into the efficacy and safety of these evolving technologies is crucial.
