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Silicon monophosphides with controlled size and crystallinity for enhanced lithium anodic performance
Huanhuan Yang1, Binlu Yu, Shuang Gu
1Shenzhen Engineering Center for the Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China. xf.yu@siat.ac.cn jh.wang1@siat.ac.cn.
Nanoscale
|December 16, 2020
Summary
Silicon monophosphides (SiPs) show promise as high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Optimizing SiP size and crystallinity is key to enhancing their electrochemical performance and enabling efficient lithium storage.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- High-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) require advanced electrode materials.
- Silicon monophosphides (SiPs) offer a theoretical capacity significantly exceeding graphite.
- The unique 2D structure of SiPs is advantageous for ion transport.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize SiPs using the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method for LIB anodes.
- To investigate the influence of SiP size and crystallinity on lithium storage capacity.
- To correlate material morphology and structural properties with electrochemical performance.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of SiPs via high-temperature iodine-assisted CVT.
- Controlled synthesis of thin SiP belts and bulk crystals.
- Electrochemical testing of SiP anodes for lithium storage capacity and cycling stability.
Main Results:
- Belt-like SiPs (72 nm thick) achieved a stable capacity of 615 mA h g-1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA g-1.
- A reversible capacity of ~320 mA h g-1 was obtained at a high current density of 5.0 A g-1.
- Micrometer-thick bulk SiPs and smaller, thinner SiPs exhibited poor lithium ion extraction and transport.
Conclusions:
- SiPs are promising anode materials for high-performance LIBs.
- Anodic performance is critically dependent on SiP size and crystallinity.
- Optimized synthesis strategies are essential for maximizing SiP electrode efficiency.
