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Clinical Profile, Treatment and Predictors during the First COVID-19 Wave: A Population-Based Registry Analysis from

Eduardo Gutiérrez-Abejón1,2, Eduardo Tamayo3,4,5, Débora Martín-García6

  • 1Pharmacological Big Data Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The first wave of COVID-19 saw high mortality (24.43%) in Castile and Leon, Spain. Age over 65 and mechanical ventilation significantly increased death risk for hospitalized patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • The initial COVID-19 pandemic surge severely impacted hospital systems in Castile and Leon, Spain.
  • Understanding patient characteristics and treatment outcomes is crucial for managing public health crises.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze clinical features, drug treatments, and predictors of outcomes for hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the first wave.
  • To identify factors associated with mortality and severe disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based registry study analyzed 7307 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from March 1 to May 31, 2020.
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical outcomes, ventilation modes, and medications used.
  • Statistical analysis identified predictors of mortality and severe complications.

Main Results:

  • The cohort had a median age of 76 years, with 57.05% males. Overall mortality was 24.43%.
  • High incidences of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (14.03%) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (10.87%) were observed.
  • Age over 65 (OR: 9.05) and mechanical ventilation (OR: 3.59) were strongly associated with increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Age, male gender, and the need for mechanical ventilation were key factors predicting poor prognosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Treatment patterns evolved during the first wave, with significant use of antibiotics, antimalarials, steroids, and antivirals.
  • The study highlights critical risk factors and treatment considerations for severe COVID-19 during a pandemic's initial phase.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2acute kidney injuryclinical characteristicsmortalitysevere acute respiratory syndrometreatment

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