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Effects of redox interference on the pancreatic mitochondria and the abnormal blood glucose

Feizhou Xie1, Meiling Wu2, Ben Lai2

  • 1Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Free Radical Research
|December 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Oxidative stress worsens diabetes by disrupting redox balance and damaging pancreatic mitochondria. Antioxidant treatment with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides improved redox balance, repaired mitochondria, and alleviated diabetes progression in rats.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to diabetes onset and progression.
  • The precise role of redox state in diabetes pathogenesis remains unclear.
  • Pancreatic mitochondria are key targets for redox interference in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of redox interference on pancreatic mitochondria.
  • To understand how redox state influences the progression of diabetes.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of antioxidant intervention in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Established a diabetes mellitus (DM) model in rats using streptozotocin (STZ).
  • Induced oxidative stress (OS) using FeSO4 and administered Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides as antioxidant intervention (AO).
  • Assessed blood glucose, insulin levels, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant levels, Mn-SOD and p53 expression, and pancreatic β-cell mitochondrial ultrastructure.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative stress and DM led to redox imbalance, increased lipid peroxidation, and decreased antioxidant levels.
  • Antioxidant treatment (AO) reduced blood glucose by restoring redox balance.
  • Oxidative stress increased insulin secretion as a compensatory response, lowered Mn-SOD, and elevated p53 expression.
  • Pancreatic β-cell mitochondria were impaired in DM and severely damaged in OS, with damage reversed by AO treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Redox state significantly affects blood glucose levels in diabetic rats.
  • Oxidative stress exacerbates diabetes, while early antioxidant intervention can alleviate disease progression.
  • Restoring redox balance and repairing pancreatic mitochondria are crucial for diabetes treatment.
Keywords:
DiabetesGanoderma lucidum polysaccharidesMn-SODP53pancreatic mitochondriaredox state

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